Gas Fees (Blockchain Transaction Cost)
"Gas Fees" are payments made by users to compensate for the computing energy required to process and validate transactions on a blockchain (such as Ethereum).
Acting as the "fuel" of EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) networks, gas costs scale not with transfer amount, but with the complexity of smart contract executions (e.g., swapping on a DEX utilizes far more gas than simple peer-to-peer transfers). During high congestion, bidders compete for block spaces, causing gas costs to surge dynamically.
- Computation pricing: Gas charges reward validator nodes (miners) for processing programmatic operations.
- Congestion bidding: Senders can opt to pay higher Gas Prices (in Gwei) to expedite priority transaction approvals.
- Layer 2 migrations: Rollups (Arbitrum, Base) bundle off-chain calculations to slash individual gas payments by 90-95%.
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